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J^ 8887 



Bureau of Mines Information Circular/1982 



x^^^' 






The Bureau of Mines Minerals 
Availability System: An Update 
of Information Circular 8654 



By Herbert R. Babltzke, Aldo F. Barsotti, 
Joseph S. Coffman, Jerrold G. Thompson, 
and Harold J. Bennett 



UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 



'v>?''e,^;S 






Information Circular 8887 



r8 



The Bureau of Mines Minerals 
Availability System: An Update 
of Information Circular 8654 



By Herbert R. Babitzke, Aldo F. Barsotti, 
Joseph S. Coffman, Jerrold G. Thompson, 
and Harold J. Bennett 




UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 
James G. Watt, Secretary 

BUREAU OF MINES 
Robert C. Horton, Director 






0^'^ 



%n 



As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior 
has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural 
resources. This includes fostering the wisest use of our land and water re- 
sources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving the environmental and 
cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for 
the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department assesses 
our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is 
in the best interests of all our people. The Department also has a major re- 
sponsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who 
live in Island Territories under U.S. administration. 



This publication has been cataloged as follows: 



The Bureau of Mines minerals availability system. 




(Information circular ; 8887) 




Bibliography: p. 26. 




Supt. of Docs, no.: I 28.27:8887. 




1. MAS (Computer system). I. Babitzke, Herbert R. II. 


Series: 


Information circular (United States. Bureau of Mines) ; 8887. 




TN295.U4 [TN153] 622s [025'.06553] 82-600099 


AACR2 



PREFACE 

The Minerals Availability System (MAS) was formally established by the 
Bureau of Mines in May 1975 to provide current appraisals of the engi- 
neering and economic availability of nonfuel minerals for consideration 
in the formulation of both domestic and foreign minerals policy. 

The Bureau of Mines has been involved in both mineral commodity sur- 
veys and property evaluations for many decades, although these earlier 
assessments of minerals availability were generally limited in scope to 
either specific sites or, at best, domestic occurrences. The Bureau of 
Mines earlier efforts were summarized in Information Circular 8654, "The 
Bureau of Mines Minerals Availability System and Resource Classification 
Manual," published in 1974. 

With the advances in data processing technology and through the con- 
solidation of the Bureau's data collection and analysis expertise since 
the publication of Information Circular 8654, several changes have been 
made in the system. It has also been expanded to include foreign min- 
eral deposit data. This report summarizes these improvements in the 
Minerals Availability System. 

All publications described in this report are available from the 
Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402. Requests for MAS 
data and/or computer programs should be directed to the Division of Min- 
erals Availability, 2401 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20241. 



D 



ill 



CONTENTS 

Page 

Preface 1 

Abstract 1 

Introduction 2 

Mission 3 

Program plan 3 

Organization 3 

Division of Minerals Availability 4 

Minerals Availability Field Office 4 

System procedures 5 

Deposit Identification and selection. 5 

Data collection 6 

Domestic 7 

Foreign 7 

Resource and deposit description. 7 

Engineering and cost evaluation 9 

Deposit report 12 

Data base 12 

Data utilization 14 

Verification 14 

Economic evaluation 14 

Sensitivity analysis 16 

Products 18 

Mineral Industry Location System (MILS) 18 

MAS data base 20 

Mine map repository 20 

Cost estimating system 24 

MINSIM 24 

MAS publications 24 

Technical services 24 

Bibliography 26 

Appendix A. — Glossary 27 

Appendix B. — MAS data base organization 28 

Appendix C. — MINSIM Input parameters 38 

Appendix D. — MAS data base printout 41 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

1 . Generalized organization chart 4 

2 . MAS program workflow 5 

3 . Bureau of Mines field operations centers 7 

4 . Classification of mineral resources 8 

5. The MAS data base — a deposit description 13 

6. Sample availability curves 16 

7 . Sensitivity analysis curves 17 

8. MILS entry form 19 

9. Clustered MILS locations — sample Mylar overlay 21 

10. Leadvllle, Colo., 1:250,000 scale quadrangle 21 

11. Partial listing of MILS locations 22 

12. Partial listing of complete MILS data 23 

13. Surface mining operating costs 25 

TABLE 
1. Time frame for determining worldwide availability of selected strategic 



minerals . 



3 



THE BUREAU OF MINES MINERALS AVAILABILITY SYSTEM: AN UPDATE 

OF INFORMATION CIRCULAR 8654 

By Herbert R. Babitzke, 1 Aldo F. Barsotti, l Joseph S. Coffman,2 
Jerrold G. Thompson, 3 and Harold J. BennetfS 



ABSTRACT 

The Minerals Availability System (MAS) was formally established by the 
Bureau of Mines in May 1975 to provide current appraisals of the engi- 
neering and economic availability of nonfuel minerals for consideration 
in the formulation of both domestic and foreign minerals policy. Domes- 
tic mineral property reports are developed by the Bureau's four Field 
Operations Centers, and foreign data are obtained under contract. This 
site-specific information is subsequently subjected to engineering veri- 
fication and economic evaluation, and the results are analyzed and pub- 
lished as Minerals Availability System Appraisals. 

The deposit-specific data are also entered into the computerized MAS 
data base, where a subset of this information, the Mineral Industry 
Location System (MILS) , is available to the public in the form of com- 
puter graphics and listings. Other MAS products are also described. 

The Bureau's MAS personnel are frequently involved in special engi- 
neering and mineral economic projects for other Federal and State agen- 
cies. MAS personnel also work closely with the private sector, both in 
the area of mining and processing cost estimation, and as a source of 
nonproprietary mineral deposit information, 

- 

'Physical scientist. Division of Minerals Availability, Bureau of Mines, 
Washington, D.C. 

■'Physical scientist. Minerals Availability Field Office, Bureau of Mines, 
Denver, Colo. 

■^Supervisory physical scientist. Minerals Availability Field Office, Bureau of 
Mines, Denver, Colo. 



INTRODUCTION 



The United States is vulnerable to 
interruptions in both domestic and for- 
eign minerals supply that could adversely 
impact its economy. Formulating meaning- 
ful minerals policy options requires a 
comprehensive knowledge of the many fac- 
tors affecting mineral supply; accurate 
appraisals of the distribution and avail- 
ability of the world's mineral resources 
are essential to such knowledge. Accord- 
ingly, the Interior Department's Bureau 
of Mines, to provide a reliable source of 
such appraisals, established the Minerals 
Availability System. This system is 
designed to measure and classify known 
domestic and foreign mineral resources 
according to each deposit's engineering 
and economic availability. The informa- 
tion is used in the compilation of 
comprehensive worldwide minerals availa- 
bility studies. These determinations 
provide guidance to the development or 
modification of national minerals policy, 
and can be of direct benefit to programs 
concerned with mineral stockpile assess- 
ment, minerals exploration, extraction 
technology research, tax restructur- 
ing, substitute material studies, land 
utilization, etc. 

A number of Minerals Availability Sys- 
tem overviews, as well as detailed 
descriptions of portions of the MAS Pro- 
gram, have been published in the past; 
however, this report provides the first 
comprehensive description of the overall 
Bureau of Mines MAS Program. 

The Bureau of Mines has been involved 
in both mineral commodity surveys and 
property evaluations for many decades, 
although these earlier assessments of 
minerals availability were generally 
limited in scope to either specific 
sites or, at best, domestic occurrences. 
The MAS concept, which addresses the 
importance of determining availability 
through concentrated engineering and min- 
eral economic evaluations conducted on a 
current worldwide basis, was conceived by 
the Bureau of Mines in the late 1960's. 
Formal recognition of the Minerals Avail- 
ability System as a viable program 
occurred in May 1975, when existing field 



efforts to gather and systematically 
store in-depth mineral deposit data 
(11) , ^ and personnel involved in the eco- 
nomic evaluation of mineral properties 
(J^-_2, 6^]_) were brought together. As 
data collection efforts continued in the 
Bureau's four Field Operations Centers, a 
small System Operations Group was formed 
in the Denver, Colo., field office to 
coordinate the data gathering function, 
institute economic evaluation procedures, 
and develop more efficient methods of 
handling the volume of information enter- 
ing the system. 

Initial data collection efforts empha- 
sized domestic mineral properties, but 
the effort was soon expanded to give pro- 
portional emphasis to the gathering of 
foreign mineral deposit data. While the 
collection of domestic data continued to 
be accomplished by the Bureau's four 
Field Operations Centers, foreign infor- 
mation was initially acquired through 
university grants; these grants were sub- 
sequently replaced by contracts with 
private mining engineering firms obtained 
through competitive bidding, with the 
first contract of this type being awarded 
in September 1977. 

The operational requirements of the MAS 
necessitated that the initial sequential 
computer system using punched card input 
( 11 ) be replaced by an online data base 
management system with remote batch data 
entry and real-time retrieval capabil- 
ities; this new system was implemented in 
1977. 

The General Accounting Office (GAO) 
conducted an audit of the Minerals Avail- 
ability System in 1977, and subsequently 
issued a report on July 17, 1978 (13). 
One GAO recommendation was that the 
Bureau of Mines should recognize the Min- 
erals Availability System as a priority 
program. Accordingly, the Division of 
Minerals Availability was created on 
October 1, 1979. 

'Underlined numbers in parentheses 
refer to items in bibliography preceding 
the appendixes. 



I 



MISSION 



The mission of the Minerals Availabil- 
ity System is to provide current apprais- 
als of the engineering and economic 
availability of nonfuel minerals for con- 
sideration in the formulation of both 
domestic and foreign minerals policy. 
Since this is accomplished through the 
systematic engineering and economic 
evaluation of significant mineral depos- 
its throughout the world, it has been 
necessary for the Bureau of Mines to 
develop both a repository of in-depth, 



on worldwide 
reservoir of 



site-specific information 
mineral occurrences, and a 
professional engineering and mineral eco- 
nomic expertise required to accomplish 
these minerals availability appraisals. 
In addition to the compilation of miner- 
als availability studies, the Bureau's 
MAS personnel are frequently involved in 
special engineering and mineral economic 
projects for other Federal and State 
agencies. 



PROGRAM PLAN 



The 1981 MAS 5-year plan involves the 
determination of the worldwide availabil- 
ity of 23 strategic nonfuel minerals 
within a specified time frame. These 



mineral commodities, and the projected 
completion dates for their initial avail- 
ability appraisals, are given in 
table 1. 



TABLE 1 . - Time frame for determining worldwide availability 

of selected strategic minerals 



Commodity 



Fiscal year 



Domestic 



Foreign 



Commodity 



Fiscal year 



Domestic 



Foreign 



Copper 

Aluminum 

Chromium 

Cobalt , 

Manganese. . . . < 
Phosphate. . . . . 
Lead and zinc, 

Nickel 

Platinum 

Iron 

Tin , 



1979 
1981 
1981 
1981 
1981 
1981 
1982 
1982 
1982 
1983 
1983 



1981 
1981 
1982 
1982 
1982 
1982 
1983 
1982 
1982 
1983 
1984 



Potash 

Fluorine 

Tungsten 

Asbestos 

Titanium 

Columbium and tantalum 

Mercury 

Gold 

Silver 

Molybdenum 



1984 
1984 
1983 
1984 
1983 
1984 
1984 
1983 
1983 
1984 



1984 
1984 
1983 
1984 
1983 
1984 
1984 
1983 
1983 
1984 



The selection and prioritization of 
these minerals was influenced by the 
Council on International Economic Policy 
(CIEP) 1974 Special Report entitled 
"Critical Imported Materials" (the Bureau 
of Mines participated in the development 
of this report). Although the CIEP 



report identified 33 critical mineral 
commodities, the Bureau included only 
23 commodities in the 1981 5-year plan. 
The ultimate objective of the MAS program 
is to maintain current assessments on the 
engineering and economic availability of 
all nonfuel mineral coimnodities. 



ORGANIZATION 



The MAS program is an activity of the 
Assistant Director — Mineral Data Analysis 
of the Bureau of Mines. Direction and 
coordination are provided by the Divi- 
sion of Minerals Availability (DMA) 



in Washington, D.C., with all minerals 
availability studies and appraisals being 
accomplished by the Division's Denver, 
Colo., facility — the Minerals Availabil- 
ity Field Office. Primary domestic data 



gathering and deposit evaluations are 
accomplished by the Bureau's four Field 
Operations Centers, while foreign mineral 
property information is collected through 
external contracts. An organization 
chart of the mineral Data Analysis func- 
tion appears in figure 1. 

Division of Minerals Availability 

The Division of Minerals Availability 
has formal responsibility for the manage- 
ment and coordination of the overall Min- 
erals Availability System. The Division 
Chief provides direction and control of 
all MAS activities, performs management 
functions including resource allocation, 
establishes operational relationships 
with outside organizations, and performs 
budget justification, acquisition, and 
distribution. Within DMA there are three 
principal staff elements (Supply Technol- 
ogy and Costs, Mine Evaluations, and 
Supply Analysis), and the Minerals 
Availability Field Office located in 
Denver, Colo. 



The principal functions of the Supply 
Technology and Costs staff are management 
of the Division's financial resources, 
maintenance of operational and technical 
standards, and quality control of the 
computer network. The Mine Evaluations 
staff is responsible for the coordination 
of deposit evaluation progress, including 
foreign data collection through external 
contractors, and liaison with the 
Bureau's commodity and country special- 
ists. The Supply Analysis Manager is 
responsible for managing mineral economic 
and sensitivity analysis activities as 
well as data base utilization within the 
MAS. 

Minerals Availability Field Office 

Under the direction of the DMA, the 
Minerals Availability Field Office (MAFO) 
is responsible for the engineering feasi- 
bility verification and economic evalua- 
tion of all site-specific data received 
from the Field Operations Centers and 



Assistant 

Director — 

Mineral Data 

Analysis 



Division of 

Minerals 
Availability 



HEADQUARTERS 
FIELD 



Division of 

Minerals Policy 

and Analysis 



State 
Liaison 
Office 



Minerals 
Availability 
Field Office 



Alaska 

Field Operations 

Center 



Eastern 

Field Operations 

Center 



Intermountain 

Field Operations 

Center 



State 

Liaison 

Field Offices 



Western 

Field Operations 

Center 



FIGURE 1. - Generalized organization chart. 



private contractors, and the compilation 
of these data into commodity specific MAS 
appraisals. The review and quality con- 
trol of the MAS data base and the design 
and implementation of the analytical 
methods and products needed for economic 
and supply-availability analysis, are 
performed with the computerized sys- 
tem support of the WANG VS^ and the 
Burroughs 6800 system. In order to 



accomplish these studies, the MAFO per- 
sonnel have strong backgrounds in the 
disciplines of mining engineering, metal- 
lurgy, geology, and mineral economics. 
Because of this expertise, the office has 
been involved in numerous special assist- 
ance projects relating to mining engi- 
neering and mineral economics for other 
Federal, State, and municipal agencies. 



SYSTEM PROCEDURES 



The sequential MAS procedures required 
to accomplish availability appraisals 
can be grouped into three categories: 
(1) deposit identification and selec- 
tion, (2) data collection, and (3) data 
utilization. Activities within each of 
these major functions are in themselves 
sequential, thus forming the components 
of the MAS program workflow shown in 
figure 2. 

Deposit Identification and Selection 

Input from a consortium that included 
contributors from Federal and State 
Governments, industry, educational insti- 
tutions, and other mineral-related organ- 
izations was used in the deposit 
identification and selection process. 
This widely varied input was valuable in 



the identification of all significant de- 
posits for a given commodity, and was 
initiated and coordinated by the Program 
Manager, Mine Evaluations, and staff. 

Typically, deposit identification began 
with literature search combined with 
meetings and/or correspondence with com- 
modity and country specialists of the 
Bureau of Mines, commodity geologists of 
the U.S. Geological Survey, State Geolo- 
gists, and other government and nongov- 
ernment geologists or mineral special- 
ists. A preliminary list of deposits was 
developed, and further refined through 
several iterations of this activity, 
until a reasonable assurance was achieved 
by all participants that the list was 
inclusive. 



Identification 
and selection 



Data 
collection 



Data 
base 



Data 
utilization 



Identification 

and 

selection 














Mineral | 
I Industry | 
1 Location 1 
1 System 1 
1 (MILS) 1 
1 data 
1 1 

MAS 

computer 

data 

base 


of deposits 1 






















Tonnage 

and grade 

determination 






























' 




Engineering 
and cost 
evaluation 












• 




\ 








Deposit 

report 

preparation 


MAS 

permanent 

deposit 

files 






♦ 





















1 



Data 

verification and 

validation 



Taxes. 

royalties. 

cost indexae . 

prices, etc. . . 



Economic 
evaluation 



y 



Data 



Variable and 

parameter 

adjustments 



Sensitivity 
analysis 



Availability 
curves 



Analytical 
reports 



^ 



Data 



Availability 
curves 



Analytical 
reports 



FIGURE 2. - MAS program workflow. 



'Reference to specific equipment does not imply endorsement by the Bureau of Mines. 



Concurrent with the development of the 
list of identified deposits, abbreviated 
deposit records were computerized for the 
purpose of documenting the selection and 
monitoring the progress of these deposits 
in subsequent MAS activities. This mon- 
itoring system, which contains data on 
property names, ownership, location, type 
of mining, production status, principal 
commodities present, and resource ton- 
nages and grades, is called the Advanced 
Deposit Information and Tracking (ADIT) 
system; it resides on a Wang 2200 VS 
minicomputer system in the DMA offices in 
Washington, D.C. Other fields included 
for each deposit record in the ADIT sys- 
tem pertain to the funding and evaluation 
status of that deposit, and the tracking 
of the evaluation progress. 

Having thus developed a list of depos- 
its along with the required information, 
certain general criteria were then used 
to determine which of the identified 
deposits for a given commodity should be 
selected for further evaluation. These 
criteria include the following: 



While a reasonable attempt was made to 
adhere to the assessment of at least 
85 percent of the production or known 
resources of a particular mineral commod- 
ity, these guidelines are of necessity 
flexible in order to accommodate special 
circumstances of resource potential. The 
guidelines for the lower limits at which 
a mine or deposit would be evaluated are 
adjusted to the total content of con- 
tained commodity, the grade of the com- 
modity, and possible byproducts. 

Since the ADIT system is considered to 
be fundamental in the identification of 
significant mineral properties for evalu- 
ation, it is constantly being maintained 
and updated in preparation for potential 
revisions in MAS appraisals. As part of 
the subsequent data collection effort, it 
is occasionally discovered that a se- 
lected deposit no longer meets the gen- 
eral selection criteria, resulting in the 
removal of that deposit from further 
evaluation; or that a deposit not previ- 
ously considered should be incorporated 
into the evaluation process. 



Producing properties accounting for 
at least 85 percent of the commodity pro- 
duction; that is, 85 percent of the cumu- 
lative domestic production or 85 percent 
of the cumulative world production. 

Developing deposits where the demon- 
strated reserve-resource quantity (con- 
tained commodity) is equivalent to at 
least the lower limits of the reserve- 
resource quantity of the identified pro- 
ducing deposits. 

- Explored deposits where the demon- 
strated reserve-resource quantity (con- 
tained commodity) is equivalent to at 
least the lower limits of the reserve- 
resource quantity of the identified pro- 
ducing deposits. 

- Past producing properties where the 
remaining demonstrated reserve-resource 
quantity (contained commodity) is equiv- 
alent to at least the lower limits of the 
reserve-resource quantity of the identi- 
fied producing deposits. 



Data Collection 

Following the identification and selec- 
tion of all mineral deposits to be in- 
cluded in each availability study, the 
next step was to acquire site specific 
geological and engineering data on each 
identified property. The type of data 
collected on an individual deposit basis 
includes those required to make grade and 
tonnage determinations, describe and 
develop a mining and benef iciation plan 
for a specified annual rate of produc- 
tion, estimate the associated capital 
and operating costs, and perform an 
economic evaluation using a discounted 
cash flow rate of return (DCFROR) 
method. 

Sources of the information range from 
literature search to onsite visits, dur- 
ing which all available information (for 
example, maps, private reports, and 
resource data) is obtained from the owner 
or operator. 



Domestic 



Foreign 



Domestic deposit data collection and 
evaluations are performed by evaluators 
in the Bureau of Mines four Field Opera- 
tions Centers (FOC's), following sched- 
ules established by the Program Manager, 
Mine Evaluations. The four Field Centers 
involved in the domestic data collection 
process are the Alaska Field Operations 
Center (AFOC) located in Juneau, Alaska, 
the Eastern Field Operations Center 
(EFOC) in Pittsburgh, Pa., the Intermoun- 
tain Field Operations Center (IFOC) in 
Denver, Colo., and the Western Field 
Operations Center (WFOC) in Spokane, 
Wash. Figure 3 identifies the Centers 
and their respective geographical areas 
of responsibility. 



Foreign deposit data collection and 
evaluations are performed by contractors 
selected through the Government's com- 
petitive procurement procedure. The 
preparation of technical specifications 
and the monitoring of contract progress 
is performed by the Minerals Availability 
Field Office under the oversight of the 
Program Manager, Mine Evaluations. 

Resource and Deposit Description 

Resources are described in terms of the 
geology, mineralogy, grade, tonnage, eco- 
nomics, and reliability of the data (8) ^ 
and are classified according to the 
system defined jointly by the Bureau 




Juneau 



Alaska Field Operations Center 




FIGURE 3. - Bureau of Mines field operations centers. 



of Mines and the U.S. Geological Sur- 
vey (12) , illustrated in figure 4. If 
reliable resource estimates are not 
available in publications or through com- 
pany contacts, deposit geometry is out- 
lined in order to calculate volumes and 
tonnages . 

The resource or deposit must be 
described to the extent that a mining and 
benef iciation plan can be established 
using current industry practices. Ele- 
ments that must be addressed in the 
resource and deposit description include 
the following: 

Identification 

Property name 

Type of operation 

Current status 

Ovmership 

Location by coordinate 



Resource description 

Type of deposit 

Shape of deposit 

Attitude and structural fea- 
tures affecting ore controls 
and mining. 

Type of mineralization 

Economic minerals 

Deposit dimensions, thickness of min- 
ing horizons, veins, or zones. 

Reserve-resource quantity, commod- 
ity assay, and year of estimate. 
The assay must include all 
commodities that are current- 
ly or potentially recoverable or 
that may affect the recovery 
or marketability of recoverable 
commodities. 



Cumulative 
production 



IDENTIFIED RESOURCES 



UNDISCOVERED RESOURCES 



Demonstrated 



Measured Indicated 



Inferred 



Hypothetical 



Probability range 
(or) 



Speculative 



Economic 



Marginally 



economic 



Sub- 
economic 



Reserve 



base 



Inferred 



reserve 



base 



+ 



+- 



other 
occurrences 



Includes nonconventional and low-grade materials 



FIGURE 4. - Classification of mineral resources. 



Engineering and Cost Evaluation 

Realistic development plans using the 
resource and deposit description data are 
prepared in sufficient detail to allow 
the estimation of the capital and operat- 
ing costs required to produce and market 
the contained minerals. The type of data 
collected or developed by the individual 
preparing the engineering cost study is 
as follows: 

Surface Mining 

Design capacity (metric tons per 
24 hours — ore and waste). 



Operation schedule (shifts per day, 
days per year) . 

Average annual production rate (met- 
ric tons of ore and waste and 
year(s) used for average), destina- 
tion of ore and waste. 

Year of initial production, ore pro- 
duction for prior 15 years or 
years since startup, whichever is 
less. 

Specific mining methods and percent 
of production from each method, 
thickness of mineralized zone. 



Operation schedule (shifts per day, 
days per year) . 

Average annual production rate (met- 
ric tons of ore and waste and 
year(s) for average). 

Excavation and loading methods and 
major equipment utilized, ore and 
waste. 

Haulage methods, average haul dis- 
tances, and major equipment utilized 
for ore and waste. 



Orebody access and haulage — orebody 
access methods and ore haulage 
facilities as indicated by the 
following: 

1 . Underground haulage methods , 
major equipment (size and number) 
utilized, and average haul distance 
and elevation difference. 

2. Hoist(s) identification — desig- 
nation, location (placement), type, 
use, general area served, height or 
depth. 



Destination or placement of ore and 
waste; that is, stockpile, dump, 
tailings dam, etc. 

Breakage requirements and major 
equipment utilized; powder factor. 

Dilution factor, waste: ore ratio, 
average thickness of mining horizon. 

Water drainage requirements — descrip- 
tion of methods, rate, head. 

Year of initial production, ore pro- 
duction and grade for prior 15 years 
or years since startup, whichever is 
less. 

Underground Mining 

Design capacity (metric tons per 
24 hours — ore and waste). 



3. Inclines and adits — length or 
depth. 

Rock hardness-abrasiveness, powder 
factor, support-lining requirements. 

Water drainage requirements — descrip- 
tion of methods, rate, head. 

Mine diagram and plant layout, if 
available. 

Benef iciation 

Benef iciation methods 

Feed grade, each method. Explain any 
dilution and/or blending that make 
this grade different from the 
in situ commodity grades. 



10 



Design capacity, each method (metric 
tons of feed per 24 hours). 

Average production rate (metric tons 
of feed per year and year(s) used 
for average). 

Operation schedule (shifts per day, 
days per year) . 

Commodity recoveries 

Beneficiation product identification 

Product type 

Product grade 

Product quantity (metric tons per 
year) . 

Description of size reduction meth- 
ods,, final grinding size. 

Tailings disposal — description of 
methods, including distance and 
methods of transport, pumping head, 
and impoundment methods. 

Major equipment utilization, size and 
number. 

Flowsheet 
Manpower requirements (mine and mill) 
Labor 
Technical 

Supervisory ^ 

Fay schedules 

Productivity (metric tons per man- 
shift or analysis of manpower 
efficiency). 



Infrastructure^ — Quantification of 
the following elements: 

Access and haulage facilities 

Roads and railroads 

Pipelines 

Conveyors 

Tunnels 

Other 

Water supply facilities 

Power supply 

Personnel accomodations 

Other 

Postmine Processing 

Location 

Type of process used 

Capacity (input and output) 

Sources of feed from producing and 
potential developments. 

Grade of input and output 

Estimates of costs, penalties, etc., 
charged to customers. 

Ownership 

^The purpose of the infrastructure data 
is to identify those areas of infrastruc- 
ture that a deposit would need in order 
to develop the reserve-resource. If this 
infrastructure exists, or can be built at 
no cost to the deposit, this should be 
identified. 



11 



These engineering and cost evaluation 
data items reflect the current or pro- 
posed future practices at existing opera- 
tions. For the explored and developing 
properties, they reflect the development 
plans proposed by the corporate entity 
controlling the deposit. If a plan is 
not available, the evaluator is required 
to develop a plan. 

To insure that the evaluations are per- 
formed on a common basis, guidelines are 
developed by DMA for each commodity. In 
these guidelines the specifications of 
the marketable product are established. 

Categories for which capital costs are 
developed include acquisition of the 
property, exploration, development, 
infrastructure, and mine and mill plant 
and equipment . Capital expenditures for 
the mining and processing facilities 
include the costs of mobile and station- 
ary equipment, construction, engineering, 
facilities and utilities, and working 
capital. Facilities and utilities (that 
is, infrastructure) cover a broad cate- 
gory that includes the costs of access 
and haulage facilities, the water system, 
fire protection, roads, fences, fuel and 
power facilities, etc. Working capital 
is a revolving cash fund required for 
operating expenses such as labor, sup- 
plies, taxes, and insurance. 

Total operating cost is a combination 
of direct and indirect costs. Direct 
operating costs include materials, utili- 
ties, direct and maintenance labor, and 
payroll overhead. Indirect operating 
costs include technical and clerical 
labor, administrative costs, facilities 
maintenance and supplies, and research. 
Other costs developed during the deposit 
evaluation are fixed charges including 
taxes, insurance, depreciation, deferred 
expenses, and interest payments (if 
applicable) . 

Actual costs associated with a deposit 
are used when available; these are usu- 
ally obtained from published or company 
data. Engineering estimates must be made 
where actual costs are either nonexistent 
or unavailable. In this instance, the 



final results are compared to actual data 
obtained from company Annual Report Form 
10-K's, published articles, or company 
representatives. For those deposits for 
which data are not available, a compari- 
son is made with the available costs for 
deposits having similar characteristics, 
such as the mining and benef iciation 
methods, and rate of production. 

To assist in the estimation of costs, 
the Bureau handbook titled "Capital and 
Operating Cost Estimating System Manual 
for Mining and Benef iciation of Metallic 
and Nonmetallic Minerals Except Fossil 
Fuels in the United States and Canada" 
was developed under contract (4_) . This 
cost estimating system (CES), based on an 
average of the costs for existing opera- 
tions in the United States and Canada, 
covers operations of varying sizes. Con- 
ditions that were unique to an operation 
and influenced the cost were factored 
from the actual cost to obtain the aver- 
age cost; factors are provided to adjust 
the average cost to reflect more severe 
situations. Since the objective was to 
develop a method for the preparation of 
feasibility type estimates for capital 
and operating costs of mining and bene- 
ficiation of various types of mineral 
occurrences using state-of-the-art tech- 
nology, the handbook was developed for a 
user with knowledge and experience in 
both mining and estimating procedures. 
The expected variance of the estimated 
total capital and operating cost, and the 
expected actual cost for an operation, is 
plus or minus 25 percent; however, there 
may be a wider variance for any single 
component (that is, loading, crushing, 
etc.) between the handbook-derived cost 
and the expected actual cost. 

In order to compare worldwide costs on 
a common basis it is necessary to convert 
the foreign deposit data to U.S. cur- 
rency. Also, the cost data require 
updating on an annual basis. To accom- 
plish this as well as the determination 
of costs such as taxes and depreciation, 
specific economic indexes, country spe- 
cific tax regulations, and monetary 
exchange rates are collected and applied. 



12 



Since CES was developed for use in 
estimating U.S. costs, factors have also 
been developed so that the derived costs 
take into account the differences of pro- 
ductivity, labor rates, tariffs, and 
items affecting the cost of doing busi- 
ness in a specific nation. These data 
have been or are in the process of being 
collected for 95 foreign countries. 

Additional cost data, if required to 
market the commodity, are developed for 
postconcentration processing and trans- 
portation to market. 

An economic time diagram (ETD), which 
is a complete time sequence of the capac- 
ities and grades versus investments and 
operating costs required to produce the 
marketable product (s) over the life 
of the property, is subsequently con- 
structed. This is the end product of the 
engineering and cost evaluation process, 
and it is included in the deposit 
report. 

Deposit Report 

Reporting requirements for the MAS pro- 
gram include the preparation of a deposit 
report detailing the engineering and cost 
evaluation results. All supportive data 
items including identification, resource 
and deposit description, development 
plan, mining and processing methods, and 
capital and operating costs are ad- 
dressed. In addition, backup files con- 
tain all pertinent material collected 
during the investigation. These backup 
files, for domestic reports, are main- 
tained at the appropriate Bureau of Mirtes 
Field Operations Center. For foreign 
deposits the backup data files are main- 
tained at the Minerals Availability Field 
Office. Backup files generally con- 
tain data relating to the following 
categories: 

- Deposit file reports for deposits 
selected for inclusion in mineral supply 
availability study. 

- Smelter, refinery, and other post- 
mine or postmill processing data. 



- Worldwide mining and metallurgical 
technological data. 

- Worldwide geologic and topographic 
maps and various mine maps and plant 
flowcharts. 

- Mining company proprietary reports. 

- Trip reports from property visits 
and other information obtained through 
personal contact with industry officials. 

- Supporting data and calculations 
used to derive resource quantities and 
materials flow. 

- State and foreign country tax and 
economic data. 

- References and source material used 
in the deposit evaluation. 

Data Base 

As previously described, for each de- 
posit evaluated within the MAS program a 
large amount of site-specific data are 
both gathered and computed. Descriptive 
information, along with all geologic and 
engineering data pertinent to that 
deposit, form the basis for both a 
deposit report and for a computer data 
base deposit record. While the text of 
the deposit report contains details, 
maps, tables, and the rationale for engi- 
neering and cost estimates, it is the 
data that are eventually entered into the 
MAS data base which are used, directly or 
indirectly, to perform the analytical 
functions that allow determination of the 
availability of resources from that 
deposit. 

Deposit records of MAS data reside 
on the Bureau's Burroughs 6800 computer 
located in Denver, Colo. Although the 
structure of the MAS data base has 
evolved significantly from its initial 
development in the early 1970' s. Informa- 
tion Circular 8654, "The Bureau of Mines 
Minerals Availability System and Resource 
Classification Manual," published in 
1974, described in detail the various 



13 



data elements that still comprise the 
bulk of deposit data on the present MAS 
data base. 

Each property record on the MAS con- 
sists of over 418 specific items of data 
or "data elements." In some cases indi- 
vidual data elements themselves , are com- 
posed of a series of values, such as 
"capital investments" over time. Orga- 
nizationally, the 418 data elements are 
grouped into 32 categories or "data sets" 
(fig. 5). These 32 data sets are grouped 
into the following five major categories 
of information: 

- Deposit identification 

- Deposit definition 

- Development plan 

- Product definition 

- Environmental assessment 

Within each of these five major cate- 
gories the data sets are of two types: 
those which contain information essential 
for overall availability assessment of 
the deposit, or "base data sets," and 
those that contain additional information 
used by the deposit evaluator in making 
the investigation, or "backup data 
sets." 





H 
H 


PLS 


* 


















Deposit 
location 




Names 




Ospoalt 
idantification 










Owners 






MILS 




H 

H 
H 








Commodity 


Bibliography 
Comments 




















Reserves 


—\ 


Assay | 


















Deposit 
definition 




History 


-H 


Exploration | 


Tonnage 
and grade 












Geometry 


H 


Production 1 




Quantity 




- 




— [ 




Assay 


Lithology 






















Mineralogy 






Mine description 














Surface 

Underground 

Ocean 
















Development 
plan 


Mill 
description 


Feed 1 








Development 
schedule 










Infrattructura 
Capital/Supplies 








Investment 
description 








Labor 
requirements 






Transportation 
description 












Equipment 
requirements 
























MINSIM 














Engineering 
and cost 














Product 
definition 






Smelting and 

refining 

description 
















Product 






Yield 








Market 
description 




























Environmental 
assessment 


^ 


Waste 
disposal 








Environmental 
description 


Environmentel 
regulations 





* Indicates 
nonproprietary 
Information 



FIGURE 5. - The MAS data base-a deposit description. 



The deposit identification base data 
set encompasses location, topography, 
name of the deposit, and the commodities 
present. The backup data sets for this 
category include information on public 
land surveys , additional names , owner- 
ship, references, and comments. This 
category or data set is most important to 
the MAS data base, for it is through this 
data set that all other data sets on the 
MAS are accessed. This data set forms 
the basis for all properties on the MAS, 
including postmill processing plants and 
other mineral related industry sites, and 
is referred to as the MILS (Minerals 
Industry Location System) data set. To 
date there are over 180,000 records in 
the MAS data base for which required 
information in this MILS data set have 



been entered. (A further discussion of 
the MILS is given in the "Products" sec- 
tion of this report.) 

The deposit definition data set con- 
tains information on quantities of 
resources and the assays of commodities 
in the resource. Backup data sets 
include published reserve information, 
exploration and production histories, 
deposit geometry, lithology, and 
mineralogy. 

The deposit development plan base data 
set relates a time frame to the mining 
and milling plan(s), and also includes 
investment and transportation schedules. 
Backup data sets contain mine and mill 
descriptions, infrastructure, labor and 



14 



equipment requirements, and economic 
evaluation data. 

The product definition data set defines 
the type and amount of recoverable com- 
modities from the deposit. Its backup 
data sets identify further smelting, 
refining, and market requirements. 

The environmental assessment data set 
describes the effect that the development 
of the properties has, or would have 
(depending on its present production 
status), on general environmental condi- 
tions. Backup data sets identify 
expected waste disposal and environmental 
regulations. Appendix B contains the 
name of the data elements within each of 
the respective data sets. 

Domestic deposit data entry is the 
responsibility of the Bureau's Field 
Operations Centers, where original evalu- 
ations are performed and entered into the 
MAS data base. Foreign data are received 
from contractors by MAFO and are entered 
into the MAS data base by that office. 

Much of the data in each record is per- 
manent, such that it will not change, 
while other information is temporal or 
subject to change given new information 
or perspective on the specific deposit. 
Examples of fixed information are lati- 
tude, longitude, lithology, mineralogy, 
etc. Temporal information includes 
development schedules and costs. 
Resource data as well as mine and mill 
plans are also subject to change when new 
information is obtained. Maintenance of 
the MAS data base is therefore required 
for both the temporal and dynamic infor- 
mation, and is the responsibility of both 
the Field Centers and MAFO. In addition, 
all costs are dated on the data base, so 
that through cost update programs values 
can be converted to constant time unit 
values for analysis. 

As previously mentioned, the MAS data 
base resides on the Bureau's Bur- 
roughs 6800 computer. Management of the 
data base is accomplished through the 
Burrough's data base management system, 
DMS II. Input to the data base is made 



through WANG 2200 VS peripheral computers 
located in the Field Centers and MAFO, 
which interface with the Burroughs 
through telecommunications. Data output 
from the Burroughs is achieved through 
standard input-output devices, including 
Tektronix terminals and Cal-Comp plotters 
for graphics output. 



Becaus 
much of 
access t 
base is 
elements 
so that 
listings 
can be 
public. 



e of the proprietary nature of 

the data in the MAS data base, 

o the information on the data 

restricted. Proprietary data 

are "flagged" within the system 

security can be maintained and 

of nonproprietary information 

made available to the general 



Data Utilization 



Verification 

Copies of all deposit reports and sup- 
portive data are forwarded to MAFO for 
use in developing analyses of the avail- 
ability of the contained minerals on a 
domestic and worldwide basis. Data 
received from the Field Operations Cen- 
ters and the contractors are reviewed by 
MAFO for feasibility and consistency. In 
this verification process, which provides 
the first opportunity for all deposits 
relating to a specific mineral commodity 
to be examined collectively, significant 
data items such as costs and recovery 
factors are arrayed and compared in order 
to identify anomolies; further review of 
the anomolous data indicates whether the 
variation is warranted, or inconsist- 
encies exist in the development of the 
plan and/or costs. MAFO personnel use 
the supportive backup information, resi- 
dent technical expertise (that is, mining 
engineers, metallurgists, mineral econo- 
mists, and geologists), and CES in the 
verification procedure. 

Economic Evaluation 

Data derived during the engineering and 
cost evaluation, and the verification 
process, reside in the ETD's; these are 
used in an economic feasibility analysis 
of each deposit, which indicates the 



15 



economic availability of the deposit in 
terms of the cost (inferred commodity 
price) per unit of recoverable mineral 
commodity at a specified return on 
unamortized capital investment. 

In the late 1960's the Bureau of Mines 
developed the MINSIM (MINeSIMulator) com- 
puter program, which simulates a mining 
operation during its productive life 
using specific operating characteristics, 
costs, and revenues (2^, _7 ) . This program 
is a comprehensive economic evaluation 
simulator that enables the user to per- 
form DCFROR analyses. As an option, this 
computer program can also be used to 
determine the mineral commodity selling 
price required to obtain a specified rate 
of return, or net present value of an 
operation at a specified rate of return. 
A listing of the MINSIM input parameters 
is contained in appendix C. 

Using the results of MINSIM, discrete 
economic evaluation-mineral resource 
availability curves were manually assem- 
bled. However, because of the growing 
need to rapidly analyze the impact of 
several factors upon the availability of 
a commodity and to modify information 
within a defined population of deposits 
(for example, domestic phosphate, world- 
wide copper), a Supply Analysis Model 
(SAM) was developed (5^). This model com- 
bines the MINSIM program with peripheral 
subroutines and data files, permitting 
the modification of deposit data param- 
eters either within the total defined 
population, or upon selected deposits, as 
required. Scenarios can be made to 
observe the impact of legislation at the 
local. State, or Federal level which may 
impact costs either directly or through 
taxation. Analyses can also be made by 
varying input parameters to determine the 
impact of changing grade, recovery fac- 
tors, energy costs, labor rates, return 
on invested capital, severance taxes, 
depletion allowances, investment credits, 
tax holidays, and other deposit and eco- 
nomic considerations. 

The output from SAM is presented in 
both tabular and graphic form. Graphic 



output consists of individual deposit 
tonnage and cost data aggregated as 
resource availability curves. Two gen- 
eral types of resource availability 
curves, based upon degree of certainty 
and geographic coverage, are currently 
used. 

One type of curve (fig. 6, curves A 
and B) does not consider time, but is a 
representation of the toal available 
recoverable quantity of resource at a 
unit cost (price) and at a specified rate 
of return on unamortized invested capi- 
tal. Curves of this type, developed 
through the economic evaluation of 
worlwide deposits, define the worldwide 
reserves for particular commodities as a 
function of cost. The unit cost on the 
curve, compared with current market unit 
cost, permits the classification of each 
deposit's material as economic, subeco- 
nomic, or marginally economic at a spe- 
cific point in time. The deposit infor- 
mation also is categorized as to the 
degree of certainty of the geologic 
knowledge concerning the resource, (that 
is, measured, demonstrated, or identi- 
fied). The system further permits updat- 
ing for inflation, production, and price 
changes, in order to provide an availa- 
bility assessment for a future time per- 
iod (for example, 1979 data can be 
updated to reflect the situation in 
1981). 

The total availability curve is a dis- 
continuous function relating the level of 
average total cost for individual depos- 
its to the cumulative level of production 
from the deposits throughout their lives. 
This type of curve is different from a 
traditional economic supply curve. It is 
the sum of total potential production 
from each deposit at incremental commod- 
ity costs, which covers the full (rather 
than the marginal) cost of production for 
each deposit. It is assumed that the 
given price and associated level of out- 
put (or capacity) remain constant over 
the entire producing life of the prop- 
erty. The curve shows the availability 
of a commodity at specified long-run 
costs. 



16 



1.76 - 





Coat* include 15% rat* of return 


T 1 1 


1— 


* 


on invastsd capital 




_r 


- 






- 


- 






- 


- 






- 


y^ 


. 


/• 






_r 




® 


- 





2.00 



Cpsts Include 15% rate of return 
on Invested capital 



10 2030405060708090 
TOTAL RECOVERABLE COPPER, million metric tons 



100 110 




80 120 160 200 240 280 320 

TOTAL RECOVERABLE COPPER, million metric tons 



360 



2.7S 

2.50 

2.25 

2.00 

1.75 

1.50 

1.25 

1.00 

.75 

.50 

.25 







Costs include 15% rate of return 


1980 ;1982 |1984 Il990 




- 


on invested capital 


1 1 ) 


- 


- 


J 


1 ! 1 


- 


_ 




- 


- 


r 


- 



I 6 

1 



I 1 



1 I 



to $2.00 . 






— ._ to $1.25 



® 



Copper price is in January 1980 dollars per pound, costs 
include 15% rate of return on invested capital 



2 4 6 8 10 

ANNUAL RECOVERABLE COPPER, million metric tons 



12 



0»— 
1980 



1988 
YEAR 



1990 



1992 



FIGURE 6. - Sample availability curves. 



Other types of curves (fig. 6, curves 
C and D) are disaggregations of the total 
curve data on an annual production basis. 



All coproduct and byproduct credits are 
also considered in the economic evalua- 
tion process. 



All curves 
assumptions: 



are based on the following 



- Preproduction development for feach 
nonproducing deposit begins in January of 
the year of the study. 

- Production starts immediately after 
completion of development regardless of 
demand. 



- Each operation will produce 
capacity throughout its life. 



at full 



- Competition and demand conditions 
are such that each operation will be able 
to produce all of its output at the 
derived cost (price). 



Sensitivity Analysis 

Using the SAM, sensitivity analysis can 
be performed on selected input variables 
to measure their significance to the 
costs and availability of resources from 
a deposit or group of deposits. Input 
values that have been measured include 
taxes (State and Federal), depletion 
allowance, byproduct credits, energy 
costs, transportation, payment schedules, 
capital costs, operating costs, proposed 
grants or loans, and labor costs. Exam- 
ples of sensitivity analysis using the 
MAS can be seen in figure 7. Four input 
factors to the SAM -were tested (under 
separate runs) to determine if they had 
any significant economic impact on the 



17 



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18 



availability of domestic copper. These 
factors are lower ore grade (reflected in 
increased metallurgical costs), operating 
costs, capital investments, and byproduct 
credits. It can be seen that in 1978 
both lower ore grade and higher operating 
costs in general had significantly higher 
impacts on the cost of domestic copper 
than did byproduct credit or capital 
costs. This is not the case in 1980 



(fig. 6, curve A) when the surge in price 
for gold, silver, and other metals sig- 
nificantly lowered the operating cost of 
many copper mines. 

As new commodities are added to the 
MAS, sensitivity analysis is performed 
where measurement of current policy 
issues can be adequately and successfully 
addressed. 



PRODUCTS 



In addition to published, open file, 
and other distributed reports, many other 
products from the MAS program are used 
in the availability procedure and are 
available for public distribution. This 
includes both nonsensitive data as well 
as MAS information aggregated in a manner 
that does not compromise individual de- 
posit proprietary information. 

Mineral Industry Location System (MILS) 

The Mineral Industry Location System 
(MILS) , a mineral location oriented sub- 
system of MAS, involves identifying and 
cataloging all past and present domestic 
mineral operations and occurrences. A 
mineral industry location is defined as a 
metallic or nonmetallic occurrence, pros- 
pect, mine (including past producers), 
geothermal well, or mineral processing 
plant such as a mill, smelter, or refin- 
ery; the system is not limited only to 
the identification of mineral deposits, 
MILS is essentially a domestic data base 
except for approximately 2,000 MAS 
entries that include major foreign depos- 
its. The domestic data entries and 
maintenance are administered by the 
Bureau's four Field Operations Centers, 
under the direction of DMA. 

The MILS program is computer-oriented. 
Figure 8 is a sample MILS entry form. 
All MILS information is remotely entered 
onto the MAS computer data base, and the 
data are available only in computer- 
generated form. MILS output is distrib- 
uted to the public at the cost of 
reproduction. 



The data entered into the MILS 
subsystem includes the following 
categories: 

Name, reference number 

State 

County 

Latitude, longitude, universal trans- 
verse mercator 

Public land survey (section, township, 
range) 

Elevation 

Reference point and precision 

Owner-operator 

River basin 

Domain 

Status 

Type of operation 

Map name and scale (largest available 
scale, 1:250,000 map) 

Commodities 

Comments 

Bibliography 



19 



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20 



MILS data are available both as hard 
copy listings and computer graphics. 
These listings and graphics can be pro- 
duced for specified mineral commodities 
and geographic areas. 

The graphic products of MILS are in the 
form of clear Mylar overlays showing 
locations in a variety of assemblages and 
map scales. Because of the limitation of 
showing a relatively large number of 
locations in small areas, most MILS loca- 
tions are shown as clusters, with the 
clustering criteria being dependent on 
map scale, as follows: 



Scale 

24,000 

62,500 

250,000 , 

500,000 , 

1,750,000 

2,500,000 

3,166,000 



Radius, miles 

0.10 
.25 

1.0 

2.0 

7.0 
10.0 
12.0 



The Mylar overlays can be generated 
for maps of various projections and 
scales; however, the most frequently 
requested are for U.S. Geological Sur- 
vey topographic maps of 1:250,000 and 
1:500,000 scale. State maps, and geo- 
logic maps. An indexed listing of the 
MILS data is provided with each over- 
lay. The originals of overlays pre- 
pared for specific commodities are main- 
tained as an open-file library service at 
the Bureau of Mines Field Operations 
Centers. Custom output is available upon 
request, but is usually more costly due 
to the additional programing and Com- 
puter time involved. An example of a 
clustered location transparent overlay 
and base map is shown in figures 9 
and 10, and example of the deposit 
listing from one of the clusters is 
shown in figure 11, and a partial list- 
ing of the compelete MILS data from the 
same cluster location is duplicated 
in figure 12. 

Magnetic tapes containing MILS data 
are also available upon request, 
at a cost covering the tapes and 
computer time required to produce them. 



Four reels of magnetic tape are 
currently required to contain the domes- 
tic MILS information. 

MILS printouts have been used exten- 
sively by mining companies and by munici- 
pal, county. State and Federal land use 
planners. MILS presently contains in 
excess of 180,000 domestic entries. The 
system is described in detail in a recent 
publication, "MILS: The Mineral Industry 
Location System of the Federal Bureau of 
Mines" (_3 ) . 

MAS Data Base 

The information in the previously 
described MAS data base contains certain 
nonproprietary data sets that may be dis- 
tributed to the public. These are com- 
puter reports that are termed MILS, 
MILSR, AND MASNC. Other nonpublic data 
are also on the data base. The MAS 
report is the most comprehensive followed 
by a limited MAS report — Q9. An example 
of the computer printout is shown in 
appendix D. The reports and the data 
fields contained in each report are as 
follows: 

MILS. — (1) MILS data set, (2) com- 
modity data set, (3) alternate names, 

(4) ownership, and (5) bibliography. 

MILSR. — (1) All fields in MILS and 
(2) published reserves and their assays. 

MASNC— (1) All the fields in MILSR, 

(2) geometry of the mineralized zone, 

(3) lithology, (4) rock types, and 

(5) mineralogy of the deposit. 

Q9.— (1) All the fields in MASNC, 
(2) resource quantity, (3) develop- 
ment, (4) investment, (5) concentrator, 

(6) production, (7) suface and/or under- 
ground mining description, and 
(8) transportation. 

Mine Map Repository 

The mine map repository provides a 
microfilm inventory of past and present 
domestic mine maps, and has proven itself 
to be invaluable in providing information 




21 



20 



MILS data are availa^fre both as hard 
copy listings and c^aja^uter graphics. 

These lisfJ-OilS anH granhirc; ran hp nrn- 



duced for 



and geographic area 



Four reels of magnetic tape are 
currently required to contain the domes- 
tir MTT.S informat: 



:ion. 



specified _i]%j**eral commodities 



l3^' 



xS 



in a variety of assemblages and 



The grabhi<)rtToducts of MILS are in the 
form of clear Mylar ovgniays showing 
locations 

map scales. Because of th)irt.imitation of 
showing a relatively large number of 
locations 
tions are 



MILS printouts ^W^e'^JteOTW u£ ed exten- 
sively by m^ing companies and ty munici- 
pal, countyCl Stat^^J^nd F^iSral land use 
planners. yOIILS|/9pr^dgntl^'T^or tains in 
^^ess of i82),OOfiJdomefttj,c etfilrJes. The 
s'y^cS is dpscrilwd in )8lrtaiL,ir a recent 
^^licatiXcD, "Ml82: The'^Mii^aJ Industry 



shown as 

clustering crvfteria 

map sAale , as follows 
o 



24,|60 

62, SCO. 

250|00C 



500pOOC...^,>$5. ><3 2.0 



l,7gO,COO 
2, 5^, COO 
3,1^6,(00 



Theo_M5lar overlays can be 



for maps 
scales 
reque^ec 
vey Kopc 
1:500^0C 
logicSmaj 
MILS kat 
lay. .' Tl 
pared,_^^oi 
taine^ as 



in figure 



in small areas, XS^t MILS loca- Lotation SyslXa of the Federal 



clusters, with the 
being cjapendent on 



Mines" (3), 



x::^xS ^ 



Scale 



xs 



^fid 



xS! 



ius, miles 



The 



Mife»9Data Bas 

— ^ — ;7o — 
^♦^ ,^ Xro 

infM^tetiwH jfn 
dHa^S_data base. 



• ••••• •jbW* ••••••• 



0.10 
.25 
1.0 



.xrK?.. 



X3 



of various projections and 

however, the^ most frequently 

are for U.S. d^^jLogical Sur- 

graphic maj^ of 1:250,000 and 

scale. State maps, and geo- 

s. An indfljjpd listing of the 

is provided with each over- 

e origir^jAs of overlays pre- 

specific commodities are main- 

_ an open-file library service at 

the ©ire au of Mines Field Operations 
CentejLB. Custom output is available upon 
request, but is usually more costly due 
to the additional programing X^d c'om- 
puter tine involved. An example of a 
clustered location transparent overlay 
and bas<: map is shown in figures 9 
and 10, and example of the deposit 
listing li^pm one of^ the ^clusters is 
shown in figure 11, arfS a ^pS^tial list- 
ing of the compelete MILS data from the 

duplicated 



nonproprlet^Sp! data s¥j^s thati-m^y be dis- 
tri^^^ji^l^^Q^tTe publicj^ These are corn- 
put ejA-»repaftts that >6re teriied MILS, 
MILSrT'anD^SNC. Otlier nonpuMic data 
arexjJ^^S •» tlJ^Sdata base. The MAS 
repo^ i^lgthe ij^t^compreh^<RP-ve followed 
by a limi'bed MAJ'report — Q9.^ In example 
y^^ ^^ of the)\§;omputer printout is shown in 

genBrateo^ appendiiJo D-/^ »Ore reports and the data 



7.0 
10.0 
12.0 



Bureau of 



the I reviously 
contgtils certain 






fields c©*itai«ied*^ in each . .»eijpHtt are as 
follows: tm 

MILS^ djd^MILS viata set, 
modityX^afr§*^et , vQ alternate names 
(4) owners^p, and (5) bibliography. 



MILSR.~(1) All fields in 



(2) published reserves and thei:' assays. 



MASNC— (1) All the 

(2) geometry of the 

(3) lithology, (4) 



rock types, 
(5) mineralogy of the deposit. 



Q9.~(l) All the ^field>fi :.n MASNC, 



(2) resource 



qua 



Jiflty, "t3 



ment, (4) Investment, (5) concentrator. 



(6) production, (7) suface and 



ground mining 
(8) transportation. 



description. 



same cluster location is 



12. 



Mine Map Repository 



(2) com- 



MILS and 



fields ;.n MILSR, 
minerallied zone. 



and 



develop- 



'or under- 



and 



Magnetic tapes containing MILS data 
are also available upon request, 
at a cost covering the tapes and 
coiiq)uter time required to produce them. 



The mine map 
microfilm inventr!^ 
domestic mine maps. 



ository 
vrof past 



provides a 
and present 



and has proven itself 
to be invaluable in providing information 




21 



22 



MAP TITLEI LEADVlLLE QUADRANGLE 



CONT 



CLUSTER 
NUMBER 

63 



64 
65 
66 



NO, Of 

ENTRIES 



87 

66 



I 
10 



69 
90 
91 



1 

1 

46 



SEuUENcE 
NUMBER 

0080930088 
0080930160 
0080930183 
008o93022i 

C08o970o93 
008o970oi2 
008o650il3 
0080650273 

006o650278 
008o650234 
0080930091 

008o930o96 
0080930156 
008y93'>163 
008o93ni64 
0080930228 
0080930233 
008o930235 
0080930236 
0080930274 
0080650413 
0080970137 
008o650o08 
008o650ol2 
008o650ol4 
008o650ol5 
0080650016 
OO8o65O024 
0080650064 
0080650099 
008o650il7 
0080650119 

0080650152 
008o650i53 
006o650i57 
008o650i58 
0080650159 
008o650i65 
008o650l66 
008o650l68 
0080650177 

0080650182 
0080650192 
0080650194 
0080650215 
0080650241 
0080650246 
0080650285 



PRIMARY NAME 

DAUNTLESS MINE 
LAST CHANCE 
MILLER SHAFT 
ROB ROY SHAFT 
HOMESTEAD 
COAL BASIN MINE 
BECK SHAFT 
LONG & OEERY 

LYONS Placer 

IOWA GULCH 

denvek mine 

EMMA 

KURT MINE 
LITTLE NELL MINE 
LITTLE NELLIE 

sacREmEnto 
sherwood 
silver star 

SITTING BULL 

WATSEkA 

YOUNGER 

MUNN TUNNEL 

BULLSEYE MINE 

GREAT O'sULLlyAN mInE 

NISI pRiUS MINE 

TUCSON MINE 

WHITE CAP MINE 

EMMETT MINE 

gamdetta mine 

ALTOONA 

BEN BURb SHAFT 

BESSIE wiLGUS SH^FT 

COLUMBIA #2 MINE 

COLUMBIA TUNNEL 

COON VALLEY 

CRESCENTIA SHAFT 

CROWN POINT 

DODRIDGE 

DOME 

DOUBLE DECKER 

ESTAY TUNNEL 

FANNY Rawlins 

GIANT 
GLEASON 

HABENDUM 
JOHNSON 
KENO SHAFT 
MINNIE PUMP SHAFT 



FIGURE 11. - Partial listing of MILS locations. 



23 



MAP TITUE- LCADVIlLE QUADRANGLE 

91 NAME- COLUMBIA »2 HiNE SEQUENCE NUMBER- 00606^0152 

STATE- COLORADO COUNTY- LAkE ELEViPREc- J2ilM|500M 

LATITUDE" N 39 13 5« PRECISION, jOM 
LONGITUDE- V 106 lb 08 REFERENCE POINT- M^IN EnT 
UTMI ZONE 13N NORTHING 43^3043 EaSTInG 390480 
PUBLIC LANO SURVEY TOWnSHIP- 009 S RaNGE- o79 W 

DESCRIPTION SECTION- 31 SEcTIOn SUBDIVISION- SM 
RIvER BASIN. 4ec ARKANSAS RivER DOMAIN- PRivATE 

STATUS- PAST PRODUCER OPERATION TYpE- UNDERGROUND 
MESA ID NOi YEAR FIELD CHECKED- MAP REPOSITORY- POC 

MAP NAME- lEADVlLLE SOUTH TYPE- 7.5 mIN 

l|25o,660 MAP NAME- L^ADVILlE MINERAL PROrERTy FILE- 

PRIMARY NAME- COLUMBIA «2 MINE 
COMMOD/rtOD- GOLD LEAD 

ZINC 
USGS LEADVlLLE SOUTH QUAD 

91 NAME- COLUMBIA TUNNEL SEQUENCE NUMBER- 008065ol53 

STATE- COLORADO COUNTY- LAk^ ELEViPREC- 3231M|500m 

Latitude- n 39 n 58 precision, ^om 

LONGITUDE- W 106 16 03 REFERENCE POINT, mAIN EnT 
UTMI zone 13N NORTHING 43^316^ EaSTIng 390600 

PUBLIC lanO survey tOwnShiP- 009 s Range- o79 ^ 

DESCRIPTION SECTION- 30 SEcTIOn SUBDIVISION- 
RIVER BASI^I- laC ARKANSAS RIVER DOMAIN- PRlyATE 

STATUS- PAST PRODUCER OPERATION TYpE- UNDERGROUND 
MESA 10 NOi YEAR FIELD CHECKED- MAP REpOSITqRy- FOC 

MAP NAME- LEADvlLLE SOUTH TyPE- 7,5 mIN 

l|a5o,o«0 MAP NAME- LEADvILLE MINERAL PROPERTY FILE- 

PRiMaRY NaHe- COLUMBIA tU^^NEL 

commod/moo- lead zinc 

SILVER 
MINE MAP REpO *410158 #4l0l«>l 

91 NAME- coon VALLEY SEQUENCE NUMBER- 0080650157 

STATE- COLORADO COUNTY- LAkE ElEVIPREc- 3231M!500m 

Latitude* n 39 13 37 preCisiOn, iom 

LONGITUDE- W 106 16 06 REFERENCE POINT, tRENqH 
UTmI zone 13N NORThINg 43^*2518 EasTIng 390520 

PUBLIC LanD survey t°wnShiP- 009 s Range- o79 w 

DESCRIPTION SECTION- 31 SEcTIOn SUBDIVISION- NW 
RIVER BASIN- 48C ARKANSAS RIvER DOMAIN- PRIVATE 

STATUS- PAST PRODUCER OPERATION TYpE- SURFACE 

MESA ID NOi YEAR FIELD CHECKED- MAP REPOSITORY- fOC 

MAP NAME- LEADVlLLE SOUTH TYPE- 7.5 MiN 

1|250,660 MAP NAME- LEADVILLE MINERAL PROPERTY FILE- 

PRIMARY NAMe- COON VaLLeY 
COMMOD/MOD- MANGANESE 
U$0S LEADylLLE SOUTH aUAO 

FIGURE 12. - Partial listing of complete MILS data. 



24 



required in land use planning, mine 
disasters, real estate development, etc. 
This information is available through the 
Bureau's Eastern Field Operations Center 
in Pittsburgh, Pa. 

Cost Estimating System 

The cost estimating system is available 
both as a hard copy report (h) and as a 
computer listing from the Wang 2200 VS 
minicomputer system. The program is 
written in the BASIC language. An 
example of computer output from this 
system is shown in figure 13. 

MINSIM 

The latest version of the MINSIM eco- 
nomic evaluation computer program (that 
is, MINSIM-OPEN) , written in FOR- 
TRAN IV and COBOL, and compatible with 
most major computer systems, is avail- 
able upon request on either punch cards 
or magnetic tape. A nominal charge is 



involved to cover the costs incurred for 
copying. 

MAS Publications 

As of January 1, 1982, the Minerals 
Availability System appraisals published 
by the Bureau of Mines include 

Information Circular 8809, "Copper 
Availability — Domestic," 1979 

Information Circular 8848, "Cobalt 
Availability — Domestic," 1981 

Information Circular 8861, "Aluminum 
Availability — Domestic," 1981 

The following availability appraisals 
are in preparation: 

Chromium — Domestic Copper — Worldwide 
Manganese — Domestic Alumina — Worldwide 
Phosphate — Domestic Platinum — Worldwide 



TECHNICAL SERVICES 



Because of their specialized mineral 
economic expertise. Bureau personnel are 
frequently involved in special engineer- 
ing and mineral economic projects for 
other Federal and State agencies. MAS 
personnel have provided direct technical 
assistance to Department of the Interior 
organizations, as well as having acted as 
technical consultants to a number of 
State governments and the Commonwealth of 
Puerto Rico. In addition, MAS personnel 
have worked closely with the private sec- 
tor; this support has included providing 



instruction on the use of, and planning 
extensions to, the cost estimating sys- 
tem, distributing more than 3,000 copies 
of the "Capital and Operating Cost Esti- 
mating System Handbook," and providing 
nonproprietary mineral deposit data on 
request. A number of foreign countries 
have also received advice and assistance 
in establishing their own minerals avail- 
ability programs, providing the MAS with 
additional contacts and sources of for- 
eign information. 



25 



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26 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



1. Bennett, H. J., L. Moore, L. E. 
Welborn, and J. E. Toland. An Economic 
Appraisal of the Supply of Copper From 
Primary Domestic Sources. BuMines 
IC 8598, 1973, 156 pp. 

2. Bennett, H. J., J. G. Thompson, 
H. J. Quiring, and J. E. Toland. Finan- 
cial Evaluation of Mineral Deposits Using 
Sensitivity and Probabilistic Analysis 
Methods. BuMines IC 8495, 1970, 82 pp. 

3. Berg, A. W. , and F. V. Carrillo. 
MILS: The Mineral Industry Location Sys- 
tem of the Federal Bureau of Mines. Bu- 
Mines IC 8815, 1980, 24 pp. 

4. Clement, G. K. , Jr., R. L. Mil- 
ler, P. A. Seibert, L. Avery, and H. Ben- 
nett. Capital and Operating Cost 
Estimating System Manual for Mining and 
Benef iciation of Metallic and Nonmetallic 
Minerals Except Fossil Fuels in the 
United States and Canada. Spec. Rept., 
1981, 149 pp.; available from U.S. Gov- 
ernment Printing Office. 

5. Davidoff, R. L. Supply Analysis 
Model (SAM): A Minerals Availability 
System Methodology. BuMines IC 8820, 
1980, 45 pp. 

6. Everett, F. D., and H. J. Ben- 
nett. Evaluation of Domestic Reserves 
and Potential Sources of Ores Containing 
Copper, Lead, Zinc, and Associated 
Metals. BuMines IC 8325, 1967, 78 pp. 

7. Johnson, E. E., and H. J. Ben- 
nett. An Engineering and Economic Study 
of a Gold Mining Operation. BuMines 
IC 8374, 1968, 53 pp. 



8. Kingston, G. Reserve Classi- 
fication of Identified Nonfuel Mineral 
Resources by the Bureau of Mines Min- 
erals Availability System. Preprint, 
Mathematical Geol. v. 9, No. 3, 1977, 
7 pp. 

9. . U.S. Bureau of Mines 

Minerals Availability Studies. Ch. 
in Mineral Materials Modeling, A 
State-of-the-Art Review, ed. by W. A. 
Vogely. Resources for the Future, 
Inc., Washington, D.C., December 1975, 
pp. 245-272. 

10. Steckley, R. C, and J. F. Lem- 
ons, Jr. A Method for Updating Cost 
Estimates for the Minerals Availability 
System. Unpublished report. May 1976, 
41 pp., available for consultation at Bu- 
reau of Mines Minerals Availability Field 
Office, Denver, Colo. 

11. U.S. Bureau of Mines. The Bureau 
of Mines Minerals Availability System and 
Resource Classification Manual. BuMines 
IC 8654, 1974, 199 pp. 

12. U.S. Bureau of Mines and U.S. 
Geological Survey. Principles of a Re- 
source/Reserve Classification for Min- 
erals. U.S. Geol. Surv. Circ. 831, 1980, 
5 pp. 

13. U.S. General Accounting Office. 
The Department of the Interior Minerals 
Availability System. Report to the Con- 
gress of the United States, EMD 78-16, 
July 17, 1978, 57 pp. 



27 



ADIT 
AFOC 
Availability 

BASIC 

CES 

CIEP 

COBOL 

DCFROR 

DFO 

DMA 

DMS II 

Data Base 

EFOC 

ETD 

FOC 

FORTRAN 

GAO 

IFOC 

MAFO 

MAS 

MASNC 

MILS 

MILSR 

MINSIM 

Q9 

Reserve 

Resource 



SAM 
Supply 

UTM 

WANG VS 
WFOC 



APPENDIX A.— GLOSSARY 

Advanced Deposit Information Tracking system 

Alaska Field Operations Center, Juneau, Alaska 

The relation between market prices and the amounts that producers could 
sell, given a specified price which is not an equilibrium price and 
has no relationship to demand. 

Beginner's all-purpose symbolic instruction code 

Cost estimating system 

Council on International Economic Policy 

Common business oriented computer language 

Discounted cash flow rate of return 

Division of Field Operations 

Division of Minerals Availability 

Data management systems 

Compilation of data elements 

Eastern Field Operations Center, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

Economic time diagram 

Field Operations Center 

Formula translation — computer programming system 

General Accounting Office 

Intermountain Field Operations Center, Denver, Colo. 

Minerals Availability Field Office, Denver, Colo. 

Minerals Availability System 

MAS data base report nonconfidential 

Mineral Industry Location System 

MILS printout with published reserves 

Mine economic evaluation simulation program 

MAS data base report with resource data 

That part of the reserve base which could be economically extracted or 
produced at the time of determination. 

A concentration of naturally occurring solid, liquid, or gaseous mate- 
rial in or on the earth's crust in such form and amount that economic 
extraction of a commodity from the concentration is currently or 
potentially feasible. 

Supply Analysis Model 

The relation between market prices and the amount that producers are 
willing to produce and sell. 

Universal transverse mercator 

Computer processing unit 

Western Field Operations Center, Spokane, Wash. 



28 



APPENDIX B.~MAS DATA BASE ORGANIZATION 

MILS data set: 

*SEQence number 

//NATion 

//STAte or political subdivision 

//county 

IDENTif ication group: 

**NAMe of deposit or operation , 

**TYPe of operation 

**CURrent status 

LOCATion group: 

**LATitude , 

**LONgitude , 

POR Point Of Reference and precision , 

ELEvation and precision , 

DATum of elevation , 

YFC Year Field Checked , 

UTM group: 

ZONe and hemisphere 

NORthing , 

EASting , 

TOPOGraphic group: 

QUAdrangle 

MAP name and s cale 

DOMain , 

BASIN group: 

RI Ver bas in name 

RBC River Basin Code , 

HUC Hydrologic Unit Code 

HOLdings , mineral 

REFERence group: 

EVAluator , 

MPF Mineral Property File 

MMR Mine Map Repository 

CORe library , 

MID Mines I .D , 

GSCrib , 

TOE Type of Evaluation , , 

YOI Year of Information entry 

PLANT group: 

PLT PLant Type , 

PID Plant IDentif ier , 

#FOC Field Operations Center , 

#LMM Last MILS Modification , 

#LDM Last Deposit Modification 

COMMOD Commodity data set: 

*RECord number , 

COMMOdity group: 

COMmodlty name 

MOC Modifier of Commodity , 



Size, Characters 

10 
20 
20 
20 

35 
12 
13 

7 

8 
14 
10 

9 

4 

3 
7 
6 

18 
24 
14 

24 

4 

8 
41 

10 
6 
1 
1 
7 
7 
1 
4 

6 
6 
1 
6 
6 



14 
22 



*Control keys. 
**Required items (at least one for each sequence number). 
#These items will be generated by the system at the time of update. 



29 



MARketabillty 

SIC Standard Industrial Code 

DLM Date of Last Modification 

B Bibliography data set: 

*B-SET reference ; 

''^B-LINe number 

B-BIBliography 

C Comments data set: 

*C-SET reference 

*C-LINe number 

C-COMments 

D Development schedule data set: 

*D-DEVelopment s chedule 

*D-RECord number 

DEVELopment group: 

D-BEGinning year 

D-ENDing year 

D-PPY PreProduction Years 

D-REFerence 

D-SOUrce 

D-MINe 

D-METallurgy 

D-PROducts 

D-REMarks 

#D-DLM Date of Last Modification 

E Environment data set: 

ENV-group: 

E-DIStrict name 

E-ROAd (in kilometers) 

E-WATer (in kilometers) 

E-POWer (in kilometers) 

E-TOPography 

E-RAInfall and distribution , 

E-TEMperature 

E-VEGetation 

ENV-2 group: 

E-SOIl texture , 

E-USE of land 

E-WORking season , 

E-LABor supply , 

E-SENsitivity to development , 

E-SURface area potentially disturbed, 
#E-DLM Date of Last Modification , 

EQUIP Equipment-items data set: 

*EQDEVelopment schedule , 

EQLINe number , 

EQDEScription , 

EQ-1 group: 

EQSET reference , 

EQUSE , 



Size, Characters 

1 
4 
6 



1 

3 

67 

1 

3 

67 

1 
3 

4 

4 

2 

10 

2 

2 

2 

18 

30 

6 



15 
4 
4 
4 
8 

12 
4 
9 

9 
11 
7 
8 
16 
5 
6 

1 

3 

60 

2 
3 



30 



EQNUMber 

EQPURchase year 

EQYOC Year of Cost 

EQLEX Life expectancy 

EQHUD Hours Used/Day 

EQ-2 group; 

EQCAP 

EQUOC 

EQTIMe (in hours) 

EQOPC operating Cost units 

EQDOC Date of Cost 

EQCST Equipment CoST (in dollars) 

EQDUC Date of EQCST Cost 

EQREMarks 

EQDLM Date of Last Modification.,.. 



Feeds date set: 

*F-DEVelopment schedule 

*F-RECord number 

*F-LINe number 

FEED group 

F-COMmodity 

F-MINeral 

F-GRAde = 

F-UNIts 

F-CONf identiality 

#F-DLM Date of Last Modification. 



Geometry of ore body data set: 

*G-MATrix number , 

*G-COLumn number 

G-TOB Type of Ore Body , 

G-SOB Shape of Ore Body , 

G-ORE controls , 

G-ORE controls , 

GEO-1 group: 

G-DWA Degree of Wallrock Alteration , 

G-TWA Type of Wallrock Alteration , 

GEO-2 group: 

G-ADM Average Depth to Mineralization , 

G-MDM Minimum Depth to Mineralization , 

G-ATU Average Thickness of Unconsolidated material. 
G-MTU Minimum Thickness of Unconsolidated material. 

G-ALM Average Length of Mineralization 

G-AWM Average Width of Mineralization 

G-ATM Average Thickness of Mineralization , 

G-SAD Strike And Dip of mineralized zone 

G-CONf identiality 



H History data set: 
HISTOry group: 

H-DIScovery method 

H-YOD Year of Discovery 

H-YIP Year of Initial Production. 
H-YLP Year of Last Production.... 



Size, Characters 

A 
15 
20 

3 

4 



6 

14 

6 

9 

6 

11 

6 

60 

6 

1 
1 
2 

10 
18 
5 
7 
1 
6 

1 
1 
38 
33 
32 
25 

8 
47 

5 
5 
4 
4 
6 
6 
4 
8 
1 



25 
4 
4 
4 



31 



Size, Characters 



HP Production data set (a multipleset of H) : 

*HPRECord number 3 

HPDEScription 40 

HPHIS group: 

HPYOP Year of Production 4 

HPRODuction 6 

HPEXPonent 1 

HPUNIts 25 

HPCONf identiality 1 

HX exploration data set (a multiple-occurring set of H) : 

*HXRECord number 2 

HXPLO group: 

HXMEThod employed 20 

HXTENt employed 9 

HXSUPport of evaluation 9 

HXYOW Year Of Work 4 

HXSTAtus 8 

HXYOI Year Of Information 4 

HXCONf identiality 1 

I Investment data set: 

*I-DEVelopment schedule 1 

*I-RECord number 3 

INVEStment group: 

I-SET reference 2 

I-CATegory 20 

I-COSt 8 

I-UNIts 14 

I-DOC Date of Cost 6 

I-BEGinning year 4 

I-ENDing year 4 

I-TYPe 1 

I-CONf identiality 1 

#I-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 

K Concentrator data set: 

*K-DEVelopment s chedule 1 

*K-RECord number 1 

KON-1 group: 

K-LATitude 7 

K-LONgitude 8 

K-PROduct 8 

K-DCA Design CApacity 6 

K-UOD Units of Design 14 

K-DPC Design PerCent 3 

K-TPU Total Percent Used 3 

K-ODY Operating Days per Year 3 

K-OSD Operating Shifts per Day 1 

KON-2 group: 

K-PMP reference 11 

K-SEQuence reference 10 

K-UPC Unit Production Cost 5 

K-UOP Units of Production 14 



32 



K-INVestment 

K-METhod 

KON-3 group: 

K-STl STep 1 

K-ST2 STep 2 

K-ST3 STep 3 

KON-4 group: 

K-ST4 STep 4 

K-ST5 STep 5 

K-ST6 STep 6 

#K-DLM Date of Last Modification , 

L Lithology data set: 

*L-MATrix 

*L-R£Cord number , 

LITHl group: 

L-FORmat name , 

L-GAF Geologic Age of Deformation , 

L-DENsity , in situ 

L-RELation of mineralization to deformation , 

LITH2 group: 

L-DEFormation description 

L-GAD Geologic Age of Deformation 

*LRLINe number , 

LROCK group: 

LRNAMe 

LRRELationship to ore 

LA Labor-force labor data set: 

*LADEVelopment schedule 

*LARECord number , 

LA-1 group: 

LAWCT Work CaTegory 

LAWLC Work LoCation 

LANUMber of daily workers in this work category and location, 
LANMH Number of daily Man Hours in this work category and 

location 

LADAY percent of workers in DAY shift 

LASWG percent of workers in SWinG shift 

LANIT percent of workers in NIghT shift 

LA-2 group: 

LABASe wage of labor in this work category and location 

LAUBW Units of Base Wage 

LABEN percentage of BENefits above base wage 

LADOC Date of Cost 

LAUNIon to which labor belongs 

//LADLM Date of Last Modification 

M Minerals data set: 

*M-MATrix 

*M-RECord number 

MIN-1 group: 

M-GAM Geologic Age of Mineralization 



Size, Characters 

6 
14 



20 
20 
20 

20 

20 

20 

6 

1 
2 

23 
6 
4 

20 

51 
6 
2 

18 
33 

1 
3 

20 

10 

3 

4 
3 
3 
3 

6 
20 

3 

6 
25 

6 

1 
2 



33 



Size, Characters 



M-OGS Overall Grain Size 17 

M-NAMe of mineral 20 

MIN-2 group: 

M-CLAss 30 

M-GRAin size 17 

M-AMOunt 4 

M-UNIts 7 

N Name data set (additional names): 

*N-RECord number 2 

N-NAMe 35 

Ownership data set: 

*0-RECord number 2 

0-NAMe of owner-operator 56 

OWNER group: 

0-STAtus of owner-operator 8 

0-PCT percent ownership 3 

0-HOMe office location 20 

0-YOI Year of Information 4 

0-CONf ident iality 1 

#0-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 

P Product data set: 

*P-DEVelopment schedule 1 

*P-RECord number 1 

P-COMmodity 30 

P-METhod , 14 

P-DEl Product DEscription 1 20 

P-DE2 Product DEscription 2 20 

P-DE3 Product DEscription 3 20 

PRO-1 group: 

P-CAPacity per 24 hours 6 

P-UOC Units Of Capacity 14 

P-OUTput per 24 hours 6 

P-UOO Units Of Output 14 

P-PROduct description 14 

PRO-2 group: 

P-MATrix reference 1 

P-STAtus 8 

P-OPTion 1 

P-UPC Unit Production Cost 5 

P-UOP Units Of Production 14 

P-INVestment ($1,000) 6 

P-ODY Operating Days per Year 3 

P-OSD Operating Shifts per Day 1 

P-YOI Year Of Information 4 

P-CONf identiality 1 

#P-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 

PLS Public Land Survey data set: 
PLS group: 

P-MERidian 14 

P-TWN township 5 

P-RNG range 5 



34 



P-SECtion , 

P-SUBdivision , 

P-SURvey status , 

Q Quantity data set: 

*Q-MATrix number , 

*Q-COLumn number 

QUANTity group: 

Q-P90 Quantity Probability level 90 percent. 

Q-P75 Quantity Probability level 75 percent, 

Q-P50 Quantity Probability level 50 percent. 

Q-P25 Quantity Probability level 25 percent. 

Q-PIO Quantity Probability level 10 percent. 

Q-EXPonent , 

Q-UNIts 

Q-CMG Classification of Minable Grades 

Q-EVAluator 

QUALif ication group: 

Q-EQUations reference 

Q-NARrative reference 

Q-REMarks reference 

Q-YOI Year of Information 

#Q-DLM Date of Last Modification 

QA QAssay data set (a multiple set of Q) : 

^QALINe number 

QASAY group: 

QACOMmodity 

QAMINeral 

QAGRAde 

QAUNIts 

#QADLM Date of Last Modification 

R Reserves data set: 

*R-RECord number 

RESERve group: 

R-MEAsured 

R-INDicated 

R-INFerred 

R-UNDetermined >. 

R-EXPonent 

R-UNIts 

R-MATrix reference 

R-COLumn reference 

R-BIBliography reference 

R-YOI Year Of Information 

R-REMarks 

#R-DLM Date of Last Modification 

RA RAssay data set (a multiple of R) : 

*RALINe number 

RASAY group: 

RQACOMtaodity 

RAMINeral 

RAGRAde 



Size, Characters 

2 
6 
6 



1 
1 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
1 

14 
5 

10 

6 
6 
6 
4 
6 



10 

18 

5 

7 

6 

1 

6 
6 
6 
6 
1 

14 
1 
1 
6 
4 

60 
6 



10 

18 

5 



35 



Size, Characters 



RAUNIts 7 

#RADLM Date of Last Modification 6 

Surface mining data set: 

*S-DEVelopinent schedule 1 

*S-RECord number 1 

SUR-1 group: 

S-MATrix reference 1 

S-COLumn reference 1 

S-ROW reference 1 

S-STAtus 8 

S-METhod of mining 17 

S-SWEll factor 3 

S-WASte rock 4 

S-ACT Average Cover Thickness 4 

S-COVer description and percentage 50 

SUR-2 group: 

S-HARdness of ore 12 

S-SURf ace area of mine 5 

S-BENch height 3 

S-SLOpe of pit 2 

SUR-3 group: 

S-CAPaci ty 6 

S-UOC Units of Capacity 14 

S-PREproduction stripping volume 6 

S-UPC Unit Production Cost 5 

S-UOP Units Of Production 14 

S-INVestment ($1,000) 6 

S-ODY Operating Days per Year 3 

S-OSD Operating Shifts per Day 1 

S-YOI Year Of Information 4 

S-CONf ident iality 1 

#S-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 

Transportation data set: 

*T-DEVelopment schedule 1 

*T-RECOrd number 2 

TRA-1 group: 

T-SET reference 2 

T-ORIgin facility 1 

T-OPT Origin PoinT 20 

T-OLAtitude 7 

T-OLOngitude 8 

T-PCT PerCenT shipped 3 

TRA-2 group: 

T-DEStination facility 10 

T-DPT Destination PoinT 20 

T-DLAtitude 7 

T-DLOngitude 8 

T-ZIP code of destination 5 

T-YOI Year Of Information 4 

#T-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 



36 



Size, Characters 



TM Mode of transportation data set (a multiple set of T): 

*TMLINe number 1 

TMODE group: 

TMTYPe of Transportation 8 

TMDIStance 5 

TMCOSt 5 

TMUNIts 5 

#TMDLM Date of Last Modification 6 

U Underground mining data set: 

*U-DEVelopment schedule 1 

*U-RECord number 1 

UND-1 group: 

U-MATrix reference 1 

U-COLumn reference 1 

U-ROW reference 1 

U-STAtus 8 

U-METhod of mining 36 

U-SWEll factor 3 

U-WASte rock 4 

U-PCT PerCenT recovery 3 

U-HARdness and water conditions 40 

U-ROCk mass characteristics 35 

U-SUPport characteristics 60 

UND-2 group: 

U-DOS average Depth Of Shafts 4 

U-NOS Number Of Shafts 2 

U-LOI average Length Of Inclines 4 

U-SOI Slope Of Inclines 2 

U-NOI Number Of Inclines 2 

U-LOA average Length Of Adits 5 

U-NOA Number Of Adits 2 

U-WORkings , total 7 

U-COW Condition Of Workings 47 

UND-3 group: 

U-CAPacity 6 

U-UOC Units Of Capacity 14 

U-UPC Unit Production Cost 5 

U-UOP Units Of Production ; 14 

U-INVestment ($1,000) 6 

U-ODY Operating Days per Year 3 

U-OSD Operating Shifts per Day 1 

U-YOI Year Of Information 4 

U-CONf identiality 1 

#U-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 

W Water-mining data set: 

*W-DEVelopment schedule 1 

*W-RECord number 1 

WAT-1 group: 

W-MATrix reference 1 

W-COLumn reference 1 

W-ROW reference 1 

W-STAtus ^ 



37 



Size, Characters 



W-METhod of mining , 20 

W-WASte material 4 

W-SURface area of mine (square kilometers) 6 

W-MSA Mlnable Surface Area 3 

W-PCT PerCenT recovery 3 

W-KSM Kilograms per Square Meter ore concentration 4 

W-AST Average Sediment Thickness 4 

W-SSS Sediment Shear Strength 3 

W-COVer description 49 

WAT-2 group: 

W-CAPaclty 6 

W-UOC Units Of Capacity 14 

W-UPC Unit Production Cost 5 

W-UOP Units Of Production 14 

W-INVestment ($1,000) .'. 6 

W-ODY Operating Days per Year 3 

W-OSD Operating Shifts per Day 1 

W-OHD Operating Hours per Day 2 

W-YOI Year Of Information 4 

W-CONf identlallty 1 

WAT- 3 group: 

W-HARdness of ore 12 

W-ACT Average Cover Thickness _. , 4 

W-PPS PreProductlon Stripping volume 6 

W-SWEll factor 3 

W-DPF Distance to Port Facilities 5 

W-WAVe height 3 

W-TIDe maximum 3 

W-BOTtom currents 3 

W-ASF Average Storm Frequency 2 

W-ASD Average Storm Duration 2 

W-ENV type of ENVlronmental assessment 1 

W-REMarks 25 

#W-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 

Yields data set: 

*Y-DEVelopment schedule 1 

*Y-RECord number 1 

*Y-LINe number 2 

YIELD group: 

Y-COMmodlty 10 

Y-MINeral 18 

Y-GRAde 5 

Y-UNIts 7 

Y-PCT PerCenT recovery 3 

Y-YOI Year of Information 4 

Y-CONf identlallty 1 

#Y-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 



38 

APPENDIX C— MINSIM INPUT PARAMETERS 
Category Description 

01 Exploration 

02 Land acquisition 

03 Mining preparation (other than equipment) 

04 Investment number 1 (mine) 

05 Investment number 2 (mine) 

06 Investment number 3 (mine) 

07 Investment number 4 (processing and Infrastructure) 

08 Investment number 5 (processing and Infrastructure) 

09 Investment number 6 (processing and Infrastructure) 

10 Investment number 7 (miscellaneous) (no salvage, not depreciable) 

11 Loan number 1 

12 Loan number 2 

13 Loan number 3 

14 Working capital 

15 Mine operating costs per category 19 unit 

16 Mill operating costs per unit processed 

17 Leach operating costs per unit precipitated 

18 Total overhead per unit treated 

19 Units treated 

20 Miscellaneous operating expenses, for example, rents 

COMMODITY NUMBER 1 

21 Ore feed grade 

22 Mill recovery 

23 Mill concentrate grade 

24 Smelter recovery 

25 Smelter concentrate grade 

26 Refiner recovery 

Operating costs per input unit processed 

27 Smelter 

28 Refiner 
Transportation costs per unit 

29 To smelter 

30 To refiner 

31 To market 

32 Price per unit recovered 

COMMODITY NUMBER 2 

33 Ore feed grade 

34 Mill recovery 

35 Mill concentrate grade 

36 Smelter recovery 

37 Smelter concentrate grade 

38 Refiner recovery 

Operating costs per input unit processed 

39 Smelter 

40 Refiner 



39 



Category Description 

Transportation costs per unit 

41 To smelter 

42 To refiner 

43 To market 

44 Price per unit recovered 

COMMODITY NUMBER 3 

45 Ore feed grade 

46 Mill recovery 

47 Mill concentrate grade 

48 Smelter recovery 

49 Smelter concentrate grade 

50 Refiner recovery 

Operating costs per input unit processed 

51 Smelter 

52 Refiner 

Transportation costs per unit 

53 To smelter 

54 To refiner 

55 To market 

56 Price per unit recovered 

COMMODITY NUMBER 4 

57 Ore feed grade 

58 Mill recovery 

59 Mill concentrate grade 

60 Smelter recovery 

61 Smelter concentrate grade 

62 Refiner recovery 

Operating costs per input unit processed 

63 Smelter 

64 Refiner 

Transportation costs per unit 

65 To smelter 

66 To refiner 

67 To market 

68 I Price per unit recovered 

COMMODITY NUMBER 5 

69 Ore feed grade 

70 Mill recovery 

71 Mill concentrate grade 

72 Smelter recovery 

73 Smelter concentrate grade 

74 Refiner recovery 



40 



Category Description 

Operating costs per input unit processed 

75 Smelter 

76 Refiner 

Transportation costs per unit 

77 To smelter 

78 To refiner 

79 To market 

80 Price per unit recovered 

LEACH COMMODITY 

81 Precipitate grade 

82 Units precipitated 

83 Smelter recovery 

84 Smelter concentrate grade 

85 Refiner recovery 

Operating costs per input unit processed 

86 Smelter 

87 Refiner 

Transportation 

88 To smelter 

89 To refiner 

90 To market 

91 Name and parameters for commodity number 1 

92 Name and parameters for commodity number 2 

93 Name and parameters for commodity number 3 

94 Name and parameters for commodity number 4 

95 Name and parameters for commodity number 5 

96 Royalty parameters 

97 Tax records 

98 Depletion allowance options 

99 Record ignored by program 



41 



APPENDIX D.— MAS DATA BASE PRINTOUT 

U.S. Bureau of Mines Minerals Availability System 

This information is from a working file of the U.S. Bureau of Mines Minerals Avail- 
ability System. Quality of the Information can range from preliminary, unconfirmed 
data to validated assessments. This information is for use and further review within 
the U.S. Bureau of Mines and by specialists in relevant disciplines in other organi- 
zations. Owing to the preliminary status of some of the contained data, caution 
should be exercised in its use. For further information, comments or corrections, 
please contact the Minerals Availability Field Office, Bldg. 20, Denver Federal Cen- 
ter, Denver, CO 80225, telephone (303) 234-6266. 



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